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AAI: First, we would like to ask how you handle all of the difficult things that you see as an activist. MA: I don’t want it to become a monster that defines every part of my life. I know people that I met from Iran that have developed paranoia. I want to prevent and avoid this. I always say on Facebook that I have no fear. Everyone is going to die one day. If it’s on the street being hit by a bullet, then that’s what it is. A very important part is my husband, who is very, very supportive—he says, “Go do what you need to do, we are all idiots…” He doesn’t say don’t go out, don’t expose yourself. His support is very strong. AAI: Is your husband also an activist? MA: My first husband was executed in Iran. I met my second husband in Kurdistan and he’s also an activist. AAI: Do you work together on the road or on the same types of projects? Or do you each have a different focus? MA: I am more on the road and active in a different way. But he is also active politically against Islamic Asia. Especially, his focus is Kurdistan. Everyone does their own work, but we talk very intensely. The children are big, so the two of us are on our own in the apartment, and we can do that. AAI: Recently, you finished a film called Mina: The Price of Freedom about your life and activism, and now it’s available in English, so it seems like the perfect time to ask you about it. We’ve heard that everyone who saw it was in tears by the end. Do you have a favorite scene? MA: So, there are two parts that I like the most. In 2010, we de facto abolished stoning in Iran, and I held a speech in Brasilia—I like the scene when I’m giving the speech. I look very active and present, open, so I like that scene very much. The other is when there was a demonstration against executions in Cologne where they threw flowers in the River Rhine as a symbolic gesture. It was nicely done, and so well-received by the people. AAI: Is there another moment in your life that didn’t make it into the film, but would make a good movie scene? Something that makes you think, "Wow! If a camera had been there at that moment and I could show that now, that would be cool.” MA: In Kurdistan, I was working at a radio station. Sometimes I think it would be great if that work was filmed. Many young people worked there. I have spoken on the radio in Persian or Turkish with people. This would have been a good part of my life to capture. I was there for 9 years, so it would be a long movie. My children asked me, “Mom, how was nine years in Kurdistan?” I said, “Well, you know, I didn't eat ice cream for nine years.” And then they said, “Oh my god, poor mom.” But really, there have been so many young people with the spirit, ideas, and willingness to fight and risk their lives to fight for freedom against this cruel regime. MA: This movie that we’re talking about—Mina: The Price of Freedom—is a documentary about me. And it’s an important movie. But there are some other stories that are no less worthy of being movies. For instance, when I was in San Francisco, I had the idea to make a movie that never came to be, about the case of a 17 year old girl named Nazanin who was attacked by a group of young men. She stabbed one of them in self-defense before being raped and imprisoned in Iran. We found a girl with the same name, Nazanin, in Vancouver, Canada—a beauty queen—who’d heard of her Iranian counterpart and wanted to help. I connected them and wrote a book about the story, and due to the political efforts of myself and many others, Nazanin in Iran was freed. Unfortunately, this movie was never realized even though there was the idea to make it. But there are many other stories with a happy ending and many movies could be made about them all. AAI: Is the Nazanin story the most special to you? Are there others that really stand out in your mind? MA: That story is very touching, but it is only one out of several. Nazanin is a personal story, but there are political achievements that have helped many people. For example, the fight against stoning was very important, and we had a big campaign for a woman named Mohammadi Ashtiani. That was a big achievement because, before 2010, almost all women in Iran had been afraid of ending up in that hell at one point or another. 2010 was a real gamechanger. Not only in Iran, but in Nigeria, in Sudan, stonings decreased. I’m a left-wing activist, so the media had no interest in spreading that campaign, one on the wrong side of the political spectrum. MA: We started this campaign in 2007—a young person from Iran called me and said “Hello, do you do human rights work?” and I said, “Yes, of course, what’s the issue?” He said, “My mother will be stoned.” I asked for the names, and then I asked “Where is your mom?” He said “In prison, Tabriz…” So, this is the same prison where my husband was executed. I asked the kid to give me a minute to collect myself—and, then, the campaign was born. In August 2010, 110 cities organized demonstrations. That was a great achievement. AAI: For young activists today, do you have any recommendations or advice? MA: A lot of young people who are now on the road in Iran—we have contact and we talk a lot. One point is very important. This young generation is really very active, well-informed, and also has many ideas. So that is very interesting for me. But I do give advice. For example, how to organize a campaign, how to absolutely defend human rights, regardless of gender, of religion, of affiliation, of nationality. AAI: What is the difference between helping a person step away from religion as opposed to helping a country step away from religion? MA: The most important thing is to fight, not only talk, and to fight against every piece of the problem. I’ve been trying to change Iran for 40 years, but I fight for individual people. For example, I work at the political level. I write articles. I work with different organizations. Iran has a government rife with executions, with stonings, with women's rights violations. And if you want to fight them, you also have to deal with all these points. I am relatively well known in the Iranian community because of my politics. But you can't just talk about politics and say “This regime has to go.” The goal is always to help millions, even if along the way you do it by helping individuals. We are already going in the right direction. AAI: What are the most important things we can all do to uplift the reputation of humanism? To make it something that people can actually practice? MA: One issue is the capitalist system that drives you to just accumulate more, more money and be distracted from what is important: the people. In my life, I’ve been very much busy with extreme human rights violations. This is really a fate. When you see these extreme human rights violations, you have to do something, and one task for me was figuring out how to make this activity easy. For example, how do you help fight against stoning if you are a normal person who lives in Los Angeles and always has to go to work? So, we went online, and 1 million people have signed our appeal. Just click once, and you're in. So, in the fight against extreme human rights violations, you have to use creativity and keep things interesting. AAI: Is there something everyone who reads this can do today to make a difference in the fight for human rights? MA: One thing everyone can do is please put pressure on your government not to cooperate with the Islamic regime anymore, and encourage them to make a hard policy against this regime. This is really very important. For instance, the USA has always played a big role, and it can be positive. I want people to read this interview and understand that I am an authentic person who has been fighting against these regimes for 40 years, and I have also suffered a lot. All this time, because I was not in Iran, I was not with my family. I have not met with my sisters, and this is really a tragedy because you can fly five hours and land there. But for 40 years, it has not been possible. So, we have never given up, and we fight for women's rights and universal human rights. In 1979, we were on the street when Khomeini or Islamists said women should wear headscarves, and we said “Women's rights are neither Eastern nor Western, but universal.” And that's why I want all people, if they have the ability, to help us.
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